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Isn't there a fairly simple test here that will cover most situations? If you work for one employer, as an Uber driver or a Deliveroo rider does, then you are an employee, but if you work with more than one client then you are a self-employed subcontractor. Various other distinctions flow from that such as greater control of your working hours and environment, but that surely is the principal distinction and one that I would have thought in most cases decided the matter on one side or the other. The situations are only superficially similar- "for" and "with" carry different implications as do "employer" and "client" once you look more closely at the reality of a working relationship.